After India, Brazil has become the second BRICS country not to join China’s BRI.

In a surprise move, Brazil announced its decision not to participate in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), becoming the second BRICS country to refuse the mega infrastructure project. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and his adviser Celso Amorim indicated that the country would seek new forms of cooperation with Chinese investors, rather than formalize adherence to the initiative.

Special Presidential Adviser on International Affairs Celso Amorim highlighted that Brazil intends to elevate its relations with China without formally committing to the BRI. According to him, this approach will allow to find synergy between funds linked to Brazilian infrastructure projects and Chinese initiatives.

Brazil’s decision runs contrary to the expectations of China, which saw Brazil’s inclusion as a key point in the run-up to President Xi Jinping’s state visit to Brasília. Brazilian officials have expressed objections, citing concerns about short-term profits and potential effects on international relations, particularly with the United States.

Brazil’s refusal to join the BRI reflects a regional trend, following in the footsteps of India, which had opposed the initiative citing sovereignty issues and financial concerns. The decision provokes rumors of international partnerships and debate about Brazil’s role in the global context of infrastructure and trade.

Brazil’s position will be important in the next developments of the BRI, as the country seeks to strengthen economic ties with China without compromising its strategic and political autonomy.